Noni

Overview

Noni is a tough evergreen tree with large, glossy leaves and lumpy, pale fruit that ripens with a strong smell. It tolerates salt, drought, poor soil, and wind, and fruits all year.

History

Noni grows from Southeast Asia across the Pacific islands to Australia, where it has long been used for food, medicine, and dye.

Growing on Kauaʻi

• Grows almost anywhere on Kauaʻi, from coastal lava and sand to wet valleys.
• One of the best trees for tough, exposed sites.

Planting and propagation

• Plant seeds (they can be slow to sprout) or root stem cuttings.
• Give young plants some shade and water at first.

Care and maintenance

• Little care needed.
• Prune to keep fruit within reach.

Role in the guild

A pioneer and windbreak tree for harsh edges and coastal sites, sheltering more delicate plants.

Harvest

Pick fruit when it turns from green to pale yellow-white; it softens and becomes translucent as it fully ripens.

Uses

• Traditional medicine and food: fruit, leaves, and juice.
• Dye: roots and bark.
• Shelter: windbreak and coastal hedge.

Important caution

Noni juice is high in potassium. People with kidney disease, liver conditions, or who take medicines should talk with a doctor before using noni products.

Problems to watch

• Strong-smelling fallen fruit attracts flies; collect it.
• Few pests.

General guidance for Kauaʻi; conditions vary by site. Check any new plant at plantpono.org before planting.